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Appendix 1

 

Appendix 1- Feature and Capabilities of a General MIDI (GM)

Any device that bears the GM logo must adhere to these features:

  • 24 voices of polyphony
  • Respond to all 16 MIDI channels
  • Each channel can access any number of voices
  • Each channel can play a different timbre
  • A full set of percussion instruments on channel 10
  • All percussion instruments are mapped to specific MIDI note numbers
  • A minimum of 128 presets available as MIDI program numbers
  • All sounds available on all MIDI channels except channel 10
  • Respond to note on velocity
  • Middle C is always note number 60
  • All GM devices respond to MIDI controllers 1-modulation, 7-volume, 10-pan, 11-expression, 64-sustain pedal, 121-reset all controllers, 123-all notes off
  • GM devices respond to all registered parameters 0-pitch bend sensitivity, 1-fine tuning, 2-coarse tuning
  • GM devices also respond to channel pressure and pitch bend (two semitone default)

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General MIDI (GM) Program Change Map

1-8 PIANO
Prog# - Instrument

  • 1 Acoustic Grand
  • 2 Bright Acoustic
  • 3 Electric Grand
  • 4 Honky-Tonk
  • 5 Electric Piano 1
  • 6 Electric Piano 2
  • 7 Harpsichord
  • 8 Clav

49-56 ENSEMBLE
Prog# - Instrument

  • 49 String Ensemble 1
  • 50 String Ensemble 2
  • 51 SynthStrings 1
  • 52 SynthStrings 2
  • 53 Choir Aahs
  • 54 Voice Oohs
  • 55 Synth Voice
  • 56 Orchestra Hit

97-104 SYNTH EFFECTS
Prog# - Instrument

  • 97 FX 1 (rain)
  • 98 FX 2 (soundtrack)
  • 99 FX 3 (crystal)
  • 100 FX 4 (atmosphere)
  • 101 FX 5 (brightness)
  • 102 FX 6 (goblins)
  • 103 FX 7 (echoes)
  • 104 FX 8 (sci-fi)

9-16 CHROMATIC PERCUSSION
Prog# - Instrument

  • 9 Celesta
  • 10 Glockenspiel
  • 11 Music Box
  • 12 Vibraphone
  • 13 Marimba
  • 14 Xylophone
  • 15 Tubular Bells
  • 16 Dulcimer
57-64 BRASS
Prog# - Instrument
  • 57 Trumpet
  • 58 Trombone
  • 59 Tuba
  • 60 Muted Trumpet
  • 61 French Horn
  • 62 Brass Section
  • 63 SynthBrass
  • 164 SynthBrass 2

105-112 ETHNIC
Prog# - Instrument

  • 105 Sitar
  • 106 Banjo
  • 107 Shamisen
  • 108 Koto
  • 109 Kalimba
  • 110 Bagpipe
  • 111 Fiddle
  • 112 Shanai

17-24 ORGAN
Prog# - Instrument

  • 17 Drawbar Organ
  • 18 Percussive Organ
  • 19 Rock Organ
  • 20 Church Organ
  • 21 Reed Organ
  • 22 Accordion
  • 23 Harmonica
  • 24 Tango Accordian

65-72 REED
Prog# - Instrument

  • 65 Soprano Sax
  • 66 Alto Sax
  • 67 Tenor Sax
  • 68 Baritone Sax
  • 69 Oboe
  • 70 English Horn
  • 71 Bassoon
  • 72 Clarinet

113-120 PERCUSSIVE
Prog# - Instrument

  • 113 Tinkle Bell
  • 114 Agogo
  • 115 Steel Drums
  • 116 Woodblock
  • 117 Taiko Drum
  • 118 Melodic Tom
  • 119 Synth Drum
  • 120 Reverse Cymbal

25-32 GUITAR
Prog# - Instrument

  • 25 Acoustic Guitar(nylon)
  • 26 Acoustic Guitar(steel)
  • 27 Electric Guitar(jazz)
  • 28 Electric Guitar(clean)
  • 29 Electric Guitar(muted)
  • 30 Overdriven Guitar
  • 31 Distortion Guitar
  • 32 Guitar Harmonics

73-80 PIPE
Prog# - Instrument

  • 73 Piccolo
  • 74 Flute
  • 75 Recorder
  • 76 Pan Flute
  • 77 Blown Bottle
  • 78 Skakuhachi
  • 79 Whistle
  • 80 Ocarina

121-128 SOUND EFFECTS
Prog# - Instrument

  • 121 Guitar Fret Noise
  • 122 Breath Noise
  • 123 Seashore
  • 124 Bird Tweet
  • 125 Telephone Ring
  • 126 Helicopter
  • 127 Applause
  • 128 Gunshot

33-40 BASS
Prog# - Instrument

  • 33 Acoustic Bass
  • 34 Electric Bass (finger)
  • 35 Electric Bass (pick)
  • 36 Fretless Bass
  • 37 Slap Bass 1
  • 38 Slap Bass 2
  • 39 Synth Bass 1
  • 40 Synth Bass 2

81-88 SYNTH LEAD
Prog# - Instrument

  • 81 Lead 1 (square)
  • 82 Lead 2 (sawtooth)
  • 83 Lead 3 (calliope)
  • 84 Lead 4 (chiff)
  • 85 Lead 5 (charang)
  • 86 Lead 6 (voice)
  • 87 Lead 7 (fifths)
 

41-48 STRINGS
Prog# - Instrument

  • 41 Violin
  • 42 Viola
  • 43 Cello
  • 44 Contrabass
  • 45 Tremolo Strings
  • 46 Pizzicato Strings
  • 47 Orchestral Strings
  • 48 Timpani

89-96 SYNTH PAD
Prog# - Instrument

  • 89 Pad 1 (new age)
  • 90 Pad 2 (warm)
  • 91 Pad 3 (polysynth)
  • 92 Pad 4 (choir)
  • 93 Pad 5 (bowed)
  • 94 Pad 6 (metallic)
  • 95 Pad 7 (halo)
  • 96 Pad 8 (sweep)
 

 

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General MIDI (GM) Level 1 Percussion Key Map

NOTE #
NOTE NAME
INSTRUMENT
35 B1 Acoustic Bass Drum
36 C2 Bass Drum 1
37 C#2 Side Stick
38 D2 Acoustic Snare
39 D#2 Hand Clap
40 E2 Electric Snare
41 F2 Low Floor Tom
42 F#2 Closed Hi-Hat
43 G2 High Floor Tom
44 G#2 Pedal Hi-Hat
45 A2 Low Tom
46 A#2 Open Hi-Hat
47 B2 Low-Mid Tom
48 C3 Hi-Mid Tom
49 C#3 Crash Cymbal 1
50 D3 High Tom
51 D#3 Ride Cymbal 1
52 E3 Chinese Cymbal
53 F3 Ride Bell
54 F#3 Tambourine
55 G3 Splash Cymbal
56 G#3 Cowbell
57 A3 Crash Cymbal 2
58 A#3 Vibraslap
59 B3 Ride Cymbal 2
60 C4 Hi Bongo
61 C#4 Low Bongo
62 D4 Mute Hi Conga
63 D#4 Open Hi Conga
64 E4 Low Conga
65 F4 High Timbale
66 F#4 Low Timbale
67 G4 High Agogo
68 G#4 Low Agogo
69 A4 Cabasa
70 A#4 Maracas
71 B4 Short Whistle
72 C5 Long Whistle
73 C#5 Short Guiro
74 D5 Long Guiro
75 D#5 Claves
76 E5 Hi Wood Block
77 F5 Low Wood Block
78 F#5 Mute Cuica
79 G5 Open Cuica
80 G#5 Mute Triangle
81 A5 Open Triangle

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